What does the Fourth Amendment protect against?

The Fourth Amendment protects individuals against unreasonable searches and seizures, which is a fundamental aspect of ensuring personal privacy and security. This amendment requires law enforcement to obtain a warrant, supported by probable cause, before conducting searches of private property or seizing individuals or their belongings. It serves to limit government power and provides a legal framework that upholds citizens' rights to personal privacy, thereby preventing arbitrary or invasive actions by authorities.

In terms of the context for the other options, double jeopardy relates to the Fifth Amendment, which protects individuals from being tried for the same crime twice. Self-incrimination is also a protection found within the Fifth Amendment, allowing individuals to avoid testifying against themselves in criminal cases. Excessive bail is addressed by the Eighth Amendment, which prohibits excessive bail and ensures fair treatment within the judicial system. Each of these rights, while important, belongs to different amendments that focus on distinct aspects of legal protections.