What does the term sarcophagus refer to?

The term sarcophagus refers specifically to a stone coffin, which is typically used in ancient burial practices. Historically, sarcophagi were designed to hold the deceased and are often elaborately decorated, reflecting the cultural beliefs and artistry of the civilization that created them. They were commonly made of limestone, marble, or other durable materials intended to protect the remains within. This association with burial and the containment of the deceased distinguishes it from the other options, which represent different types of artifacts or burial practices. A decorative chest for storing artifacts would not serve the same purpose as a sarcophagus, as it is not designed for human remains. Similarly, while a ceremonial vase may be part of funerary customs, it is not a receptacle for a body, and a burial site refers to the location rather than the container itself. Hence, the stone coffin definition is what aligns most accurately with the term sarcophagus.