What is a characteristic feature of call-and-response songs?

The characteristic feature of call-and-response songs is that one person, often an adult, sings a phrase or a "call," and then a group, commonly including children, responds with a "response" or an answer. This interactive format fosters participation and engagement, making it a popular style in various musical traditions, particularly in African and African-American cultures. It encourages listeners to join in, creating an inclusive and communal atmosphere during the performance.

While the options mention specific groups such as adults and children, the essence of call-and-response is centered on the interaction between a lead singer and the responding group, rather than the exclusivity of who can participate. Additionally, the involvement of instruments in response to singing does not define the call-and-response structure itself, as the focus lies in the vocal interaction rather than instrumental responses.