Which principle involves the distribution of powers among different branches of government?

The principle that involves the distribution of powers among different branches of government is the separation of powers. This concept is foundational to many modern democratic systems, particularly in the United States, where the government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. Each branch has its own distinct responsibilities and powers, which helps to prevent any single branch from becoming too powerful and maintains a balance within the government.

The separation of powers ensures that each branch can operate independently and serves as a check on the others, promoting a system of governance that emphasizes accountability and prevents the abuse of power. By delineating the functions and powers of each branch, this principle fosters a healthy functioning of a democracy where laws are created, enforced, and interpreted by different entities, thereby protecting citizens' rights and liberties.